Phonetic Symbols

I have used the following symbols.

Vowel sound symbols:

a   as in cup.

ā   as in car.

i    as in dip.

ī    as in deep.

u   as in good.

ū   as in food.

e   as in pain.

ai  as in pair.

o   as in goal.

au as in awesome.

ň   is nasal ‘N’.

Consonant sound symbols:

k    as in king.

kh = k + air.

g    as in gang.

gh = g + air.

ch  as in chamber.

chh = ch + air.

j     as in jam.

jh = j + air.

T    as in take.

Th = T + air.

D    as in deck.

Dh = D + air.

t      (check th. t = th – air.)

th   as in thirty.

d     as in the

dh = d + air.

n    as in no.

p    as in pick.

f      as in flower.

b     as in back.

bh = b + air.

m    as in me.

y      as in yacht.

r       as in rash.

l        as in live.

v       as in vision/wish. (Hindi has only 1 ‘v’ sound, unlike English’s ‘v’ & ‘w’)

sh    as in shake.

s        as in same.

h        as in home.